23-4-diagnostika-neispravnostejj-kardannojj-peredachi-zadnego-mosta-khodovojj-chasti.html
(Malfunctions of other systems with similar signs are also mentioned in this section. They are designated by a x symbol)
Knock at start-off |
Fastening of the elastic coupling to its flange on secondary to a transmission shaft weakened |
Tighten fastenings |
Fastening of a flange of the driveshaft to a flange of the leading gear wheel of the main transfer weakened |
Tighten the fastenings which are worn out ñàìîêîíòðÿùèåñÿ nuts replace |
Wear of shlitsevy connection of the driveshaft with its flange or cardan hinges |
Proshpritsuyte shlitsevy connections by SHRUS-4, Fiol-1 or Litol-24 lubricant. Replace worn-out hinges or a shaft assembled |
The gap in gearing of gear wheels of the main transfer is big, their teeths are worn-out |
Adjust a side gap in gearing of gear wheels. Replace worn-out gear wheels |
The gap in gearing of gear wheels of the main transfer because of weakening of a nut of fastening of a flange of the leading gear wheel is broken |
Tighten a nut the recommended moment, if necessary install the new expansion plug |
Break of bars of a back suspension bracket or their arms, destruction of saylent-blocks |
Replace bars, weld arms |
The inhaling of wheel bolts is weakened |
Tighten bolts the ordered moment |
Brake shoes stuck or froze to a drum |
Is not malfunction. Do not use the parking brake at the long parking of the car |
Peeling of a brake slip from the block basis |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
Breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket |
Replace a spring (better to change at once both springs of a suspension bracket - left and right) |
"x \Coupling is faulty |
See. "Diagnostics of malfunctions of coupling", page 253 |
"x \Lost elasticity or support of the power unit collapsed or their fastening weakened |
Replace support, tighten fastenings |
Noise at movement of the car along the flat highway |
Bearings of the main transfer are worn-out, their pretightness is broken, landing (uniform noise weakened from the back bridge) |
Replace worn-out bearings, the expansion plug, adjust a pretightness <HUNDRED> (see. "Zadny Bridge", page 144) |
Teeths of gear wheels of the main transfer are worn-out, the side gap in gearing, teases on teeths is broken: "howl" from the back bridge, decreasing or disappearing at decrease in loading (an otpuskaniye of a pedal of "gas") |
Replace worn-out gear wheels, adjust a side gap <HUNDRED> |
Fastening of the conducted gear wheel to a differential box (a gear wheel beating) weakened |
Tighten threaded connections (it is possible to use sealant for carvings), replace worn-out gear wheels (couple) |
Wear of bearings of half shafts or bearings of naves of forward wheels |
Replace bearings |
The bearing of an intermediate support of the driveshaft is worn-out |
Replace the bearing |
Imbalance of cardan transfer |
Check, whether on the place lock rings of bearings of crosspieces. Balance cardan transfer on HUNDRED or replace |
Uneven wear or peeling of a protector, deformation of the tire, rim |
Replace a wheel |
The wheel touches the flap or a wheel arch (especially on the loaded car) |
Check and adjust the angles of installation of wheels, replace the deformed suspension bracket details which sank springs. Do not overload the car. Use wheels of the dimension recommended by the manufacturer |
Wheel bolts touch details of a back brake |
Use bolts according to wheel disk thickness |
Details of brake mechanisms touch a brake disk / reel |
Sort knot, replace faulty details |
The inhaling of bolts of fastening of a wheel weakened |
Tighten bolts, at deformation of a wheel - replace a wheel |
Peeling of a brake slip from the block basis |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
"x \Malfunctions of the engine, coupling, transmission |
See appropriate sections of "Diagnostics" |
Knocks, scratches at the movement on off road terrain |
The car is overloaded |
Do not overload the car. Distribute freight evenly (use passenger salon) |
Shock-absorbers are faulty, their fastenings weakened, rubber pillows wore out |
Replace the shock-absorber (better at the same time both on one axis), rubber pillows |
Destruction of the buffer of the course of compression of a forward suspension bracket or buffer of back |
Replace buffers/buffers |
Draft or breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket |
Replace springs |
The break of bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening, are destroyed saylent-blocks |
Replace bars, weld arms |
The final system is incorrectly collected or deformed: its details touch the road or the driveshaft |
Replace final system or change the provision of its elements (taking into account the suspension bracket course) |
Spherical support of a forward suspension bracket are worn out or are not greased |
Having hung out forward wheels, be convinced of what did not jam spherical fingers. Put fresh ShRB-4 lubricant in covers or replace hinges |
Saylent-blocks of a forward suspension bracket are worn-out or destroyed |
Replace saylent-blocks |
Fastening of levers of a suspension bracket to a stretcher weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Fastening of a stretcher to body longerons weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Fastening of a steering wheel on a shaft, a steering column to pedal knot, a case of a steering rack to a stretcher weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Knock in the steering mechanism: strong wear or destruction of working surfaces of a gear wheel and lath, is not adjusted a gap in gearing, there is no lubricant in a case of a steering rack |
Replace worn-out details, adjust a gap in gearing of a gear wheel and lath, add lubricant |
Suspension bracket elements (levers, stabilizer bar), steering drafts are bent. Fastening of details of a suspension bracket weakened |
Correct the deformed details or replace. Tighten threaded connections |
Rubber pillows of fastening of final system, collar of fastening of a reception pipe to an arm on the transmission are torn off or lost |
Establish new pillows, a collar |
"x \Lost elasticity or support of the power unit collapsed |
Replace support |
Fastening of a plate of a half shaft and brake board to a beam of the back bridge weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Pressure in tires is big |
Establish normal pressure |
Noise or clicks in the back bridge at turns of the car or at pro-slipping of one of driving wheels |
Teeths of satellites or semi-axial gear wheels are worn-out or broken |
Adjust an axial gap of semi-axial gear wheels, replace strongly worn out or damaged details |
Knock, scratches at turns of the car |
Bolts of fastening of a wheel weakened |
Tighten bolts, at deformation of a wheel — replace a wheel |
Teeths of satellites or semi-axial gear wheels are worn-out or damaged |
Replace the worn-out or broken details |
Hard rotation of satellites on an axis or the axis in the differential case |
And in openings of satellites smooth out agnails on an axis a file, replace the worn-out and deformed details |
Wear of a spherical (internal) surface of the case of differential |
Replace the case of differential or differential assembled |
Jamming of semi-axial gear wheels in the differential case |
Replace the worn-out and deformed details. Establish by selection of basic washers an axial gap of gear wheels of 0-0,10 mm, controlling the moment of resistance to rotation (see. "Zadny Bridge", page 144) |
Malfunction of the bearing of a half shaft |
Replace the bearing |
Breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket |
Replace springs |
Break of bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening, destruction of saylent-blocks |
Replace bars, weld arms |
Noise, scratch, clicks from a forward suspension bracket at pro-slipping of one of wheels |
The inhaling of bolts of fastening of a wheel weakened |
Tighten bolts, at damage of openings under bolts in a wheel — replace a wheel |
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of bearings of forward wheels or weakening of a nut of a nave) |
Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing |
The wheel touches the flap (especially on the loaded car) |
Check and adjust the angles of installation of wheels, replace the deformed suspension bracket details which sank springs. Do not overload the car. Use wheels and tires of the recommended dimension |
Breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket |
Replace springs |
Spherical support of a forward suspension bracket are worn out or are not greased |
Having hung out forward wheels, be convinced of what did not jam spherical fingers. Put fresh ShRB-4 lubricant in covers |
Saylent-blocks of a forward suspension bracket are worn-out or destroyed |
Replace saylent-blocks |
Fastening of the lever to a stretcher weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Fastening of a stretcher to body longerons weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Fastening of a steering column to pedal knot, a case of a steering rack to a stretcher weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
The knock in the helmsman's mechanism upravleniya:silny wear or destruction of working surfaces of a gear wheel and lath, is not adjusted a gap in gearing, there is no lubricant in a case of a steering rack |
Replace faulty details, adjust a gap in gearing of a gear wheel and lath, add lubricant |
Suspension bracket elements (levers, stabilizer bar), steering drafts are bent |
Correct the deformed details or replace |
Vibration at the movement of the car |
"x \Vibration from the power unit |
See. "Strong vibration of the engine" in the section "Diagnostics of Malfunctions of the Engine and Its Systems", page 239 |
The increased imbalance of forward wheels, deformation of the tire or its uneven wear, deformation of a wheel (the steering wheel "beats") |
Balance the wheels deformed or with uneven wear of the tire, replace the deformed wheels |
Strong imbalance of back wheels, deformation of the tire or its uneven wear, deformation of a wheel (vibration of a back of the car) |
Balance the wheels deformed or with uneven wear of the tire, replace the deformed wheels |
Deformation of driveshafts / shaft, loss of balancing small weights (plates) |
Repair cardan transfer on HUNDRED with the subsequent dynamic balancing or replace |
Big side play of a crosspiece in the cardan hinge, loss of a lock ring from a bearing case pro-point |
Check existence of lock rings in pro-points of cases of bearings, axial movement of a crosspiece. Replace worn-out details |
Fastening of flanges of cardan transfer weakened |
Tighten threaded connections |
Uneven wear or peeling of a protector, deformation of the tire, rim |
Replace a wheel |
Rocking of the car on the road |
The shock-absorber is faulty |
Replace shock-absorbers |
Vibration when braking |
Deformation of a brake disk |
Replace a disk (better with couple) |
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of the bearing of a forward wheel or weakening of an inhaling of a nut of a nave) |
Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing |
Ovality of the brake drum |
Pierce or replace a drum |
The piston in the back wheel cylinder is jammed |
Replace the cylinder |
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken |
Replace a spring |
Scratch, squeal when braking |
Extreme wear of brake slips |
Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
Inclusion in material of an overlay of foreign debris (sand) |
As a rule, does not demand intervention (it is possible to clear slips a metal brush) |
Poor quality of material of a slip |
Replace blocks |
Jamming of the piston of the forward brake mechanism or guide of a support |
Replace the cylinder assembled, clear of dirt and grease with graphitic lubricant support guides |
Existence of deep flutes on a brake disk (because of poor quality of material of a disk and/or a slip) |
(Pierce) Proshlifuyte or replace a disk, replace blocks |
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis |
Replace blocks |
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken |
Replace a spring |
Braking with blocking of wheels |
Not to peretormazhivayta, use the tires corresponding to traffic conditions |
The increased brake pedal course (the pedal "soft" or "fails") |
Availability of air in the brake system, leak of brake fluid through thinnesses of connections of a hydraulic actuator, damage of cuffs to the main brake cylinder, pressure regulator, damage of brake tubes and hoses |
Examine all highways, their threaded connections and cylinders, eliminate leakage. Restore the normal level of liquid in a brake tank and pump over system. At detection of damages of brake hoses (cracks, swellings or traces of brake fluid) replace hoses. At suspicion on defects of the main brake cylinder replace it with obviously serviceable |
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated. |
Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over |
Overheat of brake mechanisms |
Let's cool down to brakes. Check thickness of slips and brake disks. Apply only brake fluids recommended by manufacturer in system. In time replace brake fluid |
The gap between blocks and a drum is increased (the device of automatic control of a gap does not work) |
Replace the wheel cylinder, pump over system |
Raised (more than 0,15 mm on edge) a beating of a brake disk |
Replace a disk |
One of contours of the working brake system does not work |
Eliminate leak of liquid from the brake system, pump over system |
The brake pedal course within norm (a pedal "rigid"), but stops the car badly |
Oiling of brake disks, drums, slips |
Clear greasy disks and drums special structure, replace blocks (as a last resort smooth out on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft epiploon) |
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet |
In a start of motion, at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a brake pedal |
Poor quality of material of slips |
Replace blocks (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber) |
Replace the damaged tubes and hoses |
Jamming of the piston in the cylinder, blocks in a support |
Replace the cylinder, clear the contacting surfaces of blocks and a support, before installation grease them with SHRUS-4 or graphitic lubricant |
Wear-out of brake slips (gnash of brakes) |
Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
Pressure regulator drive is incorrectly adjusted |
Adjust the drive (see. "Brake system", page 174) |
Pressure regulator is faulty |
Replace the regulator |
The vacuum amplifier is faulty or the hose, the connecting amplifier with an inlet pipe is untight |
Check integrity of a hose, its landing on unions, an inhaling of collars. For check of the amplifier kill the engine, press 5-8 times a pedal of a brake and, holding a pedal of pressed, launch the engine. At the serviceable amplifier after launch of the engine the pedal has to "leave" noticeably forward. The faulty amplifier replace |
Incomplete disinhibition of all wheels |
The wrong provision of an adjusting bolt concerning a cover of the vacuum amplifier |
The end face of a bolt has to act concerning a cover end face on 1,25-0.2mm |
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated. |
Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over |
The piston of the main cylinder is jammed (because of corrosion, breakage of returnable springs, hit in liquid of mechanical impurity) |
Replace the main cylinder, pump over system |
Jamming of a pedal of a brake: the returnable spring is broken or was extended, are strongly worn-out, pedal plugs, corrosion of an axis are not greased |
Replace a faulty spring, plugs, put in them fresh lubricant Litol-24, TsIATIM-201,-221, Fiol-1U |
Not disinhibition of one of wheels at the released brake pedal |
Jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder |
Replace the cylinder |
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated. |
Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over |
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber) |
Replace the damaged tubes and hoses |
Peeling of an overlay of a back brake shoe |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken |
Replace a spring |
Deformation of an expansion level, distortion of blocks because of deformation of brake boards |
Correct or replace an expansion level, brake boards |
Cherezmerno is tense or jammed in covers a cable of the drive of the parking brake |
Adjust a cable tension, oil it engine, at damage and corrosion of a cover or a cable — replace details |
Badly holds the parking brake |
Wrong adjustment of the drive |
Adjust the drive |
The cable of the drive is jammed in covers |
Oil a cable engine, at damages and corrosion of a cover or a cable — replace details |
Returnable springs of branches of a cable are compressed against the stop |
Accurately cut off 6-8 rounds of a spring. At strong wear of back brake shoes replace blocks |
Brake drums, slips are greasy |
Clear greasy disks and drums special structure, replace blocks (as a last resort smooth out on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft epiploon) |
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet |
In a start of motion at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a brake pedal |
Wear-out of brake slips (gnash of brakes) |
Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
At an otpuskaniye of the lever of the parking brake of a wheel do not rastormazhivatsya |
After the long parking of the car of a block stuck (or froze) to a drum |
Pulling the lever or cables, try to turn a wheel carefully (not to break brake slips). Check ease of movement of cables in covers, pistons in wheel cylinders, rigidity of returnable springs of cables of the parking brake and coupling springs of blocks. At statement of the car on the parking whenever possible do not tighten a brake, and include transfer |
Wrong adjustment of the drive of the parking brake |
Adjust the drive |
The cable of the drive is jammed in covers |
Oil a cable engine, at damage and corrosion of a cover or a cable — replace details |
Withdrawal of the car from the rectilinear movement (on the flat road) |
Unequal pressure of air in tires |
Establish normal pressure |
Violation of angles of installation of forward wheels |
Adjust corners |
Considerable difference in wear of tires |
Replace the worn-out tire on similar by the size and the drawing of a protector. Better — both tires on one axis |
Unequal draft or breakage of springs of a suspension bracket |
Replace both springs |
Details of a suspension bracket and/or body of the car are deformed |
Correct or replace the deformed details and panels of a body |
Shift of a back axis because of break of bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening |
Replace bars, weld arms |
Podtormazhivany wheels because of jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder |
Replace the cylinder |
Podtormazhivany a back wheel because of easing or breakage of a coupling spring of back brake shoes |
Replace a spring |
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber) |
Replace the damaged tubes and hoses |
Withdrawal or drift of the car when braking |
Jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder |
Replace the cylinder |
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber) |
Replace the damaged tubes and hoses |
Jamming of a wheel because of peeling of a slip from the basis of a brake shoe |
Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis) |
Oiling of brake disks, drums, slips |
Clear greasy disks and drums special structure, replace blocks (as a last resort smooth out on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft epiploon) |
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet |
In a start of motion, at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a brake pedal |
Deformation of a brake disk |
Replace a disk (better with couple) |
Ovality of the brake drum |
Pierce or replace a drum |
Different pressure in tires of the left and right wheels |
Establish normal pressure |
Considerable difference in wear of tires |
Replace the worn-out tire |
Unequal draft of springs of a forward suspension bracket |
Replace both springs |
The angles of installation of wheels are broken |
Adjust the angles of installation of wheels |
Bystry wear of a protector of tires |
Pressure in tires differs from norm |
Establish normal pressure |
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken |
Adjust the angles of installation of wheels |
High speed of the movement, start-off from the place with pro-slipping of wheels, braking "on a skid", passing of turns with a drift or demolition of wheels |
Change style of driving. Check pressure in tires, the angles of installation of wheels, a condition of details of suspension brackets more often |
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of the bearing of a forward wheel or weakening of an inhaling of a nut of a nave) |
Replace the bearing |
Hit on a protector of materials, aggressive in relation to rubber, - bitumen, oil, gasoline, solvents, acids, etc. |
Replace the tire |
Car overload |
Do not overload the car |
Uneven wear of a protector of tires |
The raised imbalance of wheels |
Balance wheels |
Deformation of the tire, rim |
Replace a wheel |
Different pressure in tires |
Establish normal pressure |
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken |
Adjust the angles of installation of wheels |
High speed of the movement in turns, their passing with a drift or demolition of wheels |
Change style of driving. Check pressure in tires, the angles of installation of wheels, a condition of details of suspension brackets more often |
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of the bearing or weakening of fastening of a nut of a nave) |
Replace the bearing |
Wear of hinges, deformation of details of a suspension bracket or body |
Replace hinges, correct or replace the deformed suspension bracket details, longerons, body panels |
Side play in steering (see also "The increased free wheeling of a steering wheel") |
Replace worn-out hinges, tighten threaded connections, adjust a gap between a gear wheel and a lath in the steering mechanism |
The increased free wheeling of a steering wheel |
The gap between a gear wheel and a lath in the steering mechanism is big |
Adjust a gap, at impossibility of adjustment replace the steering mechanism |
Hinges of steering drafts are worn-out |
Replace drafts |
Fastenings of a case of a steering rack to a stretcher weakened |
Tighten fastenings |
The steering wheel rotates hardly |
Gaps in the steering mechanism are not adjusted |
Adjust gaps |
Fingers of steering drafts are jammed |
Replace drafts |
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken |
Adjust corners |
Emergency (wide) tires, wheels with a departure (ET) differing from recommended are installed |
Use the wheels and tires recommended by manufacturer (see. "General information", page 7) |
Low pressure in tires of forward wheels |
Establish normal pressure |
Âûáåã the car on the flat horizontal section of the road from the speed of 50 km/h less than 500 m (at air temperature not less than 20 °C and after the run not less than 20 km) |
Snubbing of one or several wheels |
See. "An incomplete disinhibition of all wheels" (page 258), "Nerastorma-zhivany one of wheels at the released brake pedal" (page 258) |
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken |
Adjust the angles of installation of wheels |
Low pressure of air in tires |
Establish normal pressure |
In the transmission or a reducer of the back bridge oil of inappropriate viscosity is filled in |
Replace oil on recommended in the maintenance instruction |
Oil leak |
Epiploons are damaged or worn-out |
Replace epiploons |
Teases, risks on surfaces of shaft on which epiploons, a beating of shaft work |
You zapilit small damages a file and polish. A new epiploon is possible a little (to 1 mm) to nedopressovat (having enclosed remote laying) that its edge worked by not worn-out part of a shaft. Replace the deformed details |
Elevated pressure in a transmission case |
Clean an opening of a main shaft of the Izh-2126 transmission or ñàïóí VAZ-21074 transmissions |
Traffic jams are leaky wrapped, laying is damaged |
Tighten traffic jams, replace the damaged laying or put on sealant |
The cap-type nut of the drive of a speedometer on the transmission is not tightened |
Tighten a nut |
On the shlitsevy end of the driveshaft lubricant traces are visible |
The holder of an epiploon of shlitsevy connection of the driveshaft weakened (its petals were unbent) |
Turn in petals of a holder or replace it, a proshpritsuyta connection with Fiol-1 lubricant, Fiol-2U or SHRUS-4 |
On the cardan hinge lubricant traces are visible |
Epiploons of bearings of the cardan hinge are worn-out or damaged |
Replace an epiploon or the cardan hinge assembled. At assembly in the hinge put Fiol-1 lubricant or Fiol-2U |
On the shock-absorber are visible begin to flow liquids |
Leak of liquid from the shock-absorber (because of wear of an epiploon of a rod, a sealing ring of the tank, çàáîèí and damages of a chromic covering of a rod) |
Insignificant "otpotevaniye" of the shock-absorber in the top part (if there are no potek) when saving its characteristics is not malfunction. It is possible to check shock-absorbers at the special stand or — it is rough — having shaken the car for a wing. No more than 1-2 free fluctuations of the car are allowed. At considerable leak of liquid and/or at efficiency loss (rocking of the car on the road) replace the shock-absorber |
